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History and tradition of Pannonia
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| Copyright: Tourist Association of the city of Karlovac |
Starting from the sea, over the green mountains of Gorski Kotar, where the River Korana pours into River Kupa, lies the fortified Renaissance city. Lying on four rivers, in a form of a six-pointed star, the city of Karlovac has proudly resisted the attacks of the Turks. The city was founded by Austrian archduke Charles, with the properties of the military administration and later became a royal free city with its own government. During that period in the city that proudly bears the name of one of the most developed Croatian cities, trade and shiping on the River Kupa flourished. It is surrounded by rivers, wooded mountains of Velika and Mala Kapela, slopes of Bjelolasica and mountains of Klek and Modrusa (Modruša). There is a legend about the witches of Klek, elves, fairies and giants that during the stormy nights, at midnight, gathered at the top of the mountain and danced round, while their shrieks and voices were stretching throughout the valley and reaching even the town of Ogulin.
Going south, towards Banovina, our view stops at monumental Sisak fortress. Lying at the mouth of the River Kupa, surrounded by a tame forest, it is famous for the victory of Croatian army over the powerful Ottoman army. Among the first people who inhabited this region were the Celts and the Illyrians, who by building the villages, founded the largest and the oldest settlement in the Pannonian Plain. Later, the area was conquered by the Romans under whose government strengthens the rule of the military, administrative, traffic and urban significance of the settlement. A port on the River Kupa, mint and bathing thermae by clean river sources were built. Today, you can see many remains of the tumultuous past and the people who ruled this area, from the Romans and the Turks to Hungarians and Croats.
Our look, rising to the north, is bounded by Moslavina mount. We are passing by the old town, rural villages, Vuksinac (Vukšinac) pool, Siscani (Siščani) and Narta to finally arrive in the baroque town of Bjelovar. The settlement was inhabited by the Romans who built roads, water supply system, mint and a military camp. The city, first mentioned already in the 15th century, was built by the Empress Maria Theresa, during the Habsburg's rule. According to the legend its name derives from two words – bel, meaning oak's cortex and var - marly soil, and today the town is a place of lush oak trees growth. The old city was built by ortogonal scheme where all streets cross at right angles. In the centre there is the town square with late Baroque Church of St. Theresa Avilske. Later the town is enriched with beautiful parks and gardens containing more than 46 different species of trees and plants. The town grew and became not only military, but also trade, craft, industrial, economical, cultural and educational center.
